Glossary of Key Hinduism Terms for Younger Audiences
Term: 108
Definition: A sacred number used in malas and prayers.
Fun Fact: A japa mala has 108 beads to help count mantras.
Term: Aarti
Definition: A ritual of waving lighted lamps before the deity.
Fun Fact: We wave aarti while singing and clapping in joy.
Term: Aarti Plate
Definition: A plate used during aarti with diya, flowers, and incense.
Fun Fact: Often decorated with colors and used in pujas.
Term: Adi Shankaracharya
Definition: A great philosopher who unified Hindu thought.
Fun Fact: He founded four main mathas (monasteries) across India.
Term: Agni
Definition: God of fire and messenger between humans and gods.
Fun Fact: Offerings in yajnas are made to Agni.
Term: Aham Brahmasmi
Definition: One of the most Important teachings of the Upanishads meaning ‘I am Brahman.’
Fun Fact: Reminds us that the true self is divine.
Term: Ahimsa
Definition: Non-violence in thoughts, words, and actions.
Fun Fact: Mahatma Gandhi followed ahimsa deeply.
Term: Ahimsa Paramo Dharma
Definition: One of the most Important teachings of the Hindu Scripture meaning “Nonviolence is the highest duty.”
Fun Fact: A key teaching shared by Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism.
Term: Airavata
Definition: A white elephant that carries Lord Indra.
Fun Fact: It is said to have been born during the churning of the ocean.
Term: Aitareya Upanishad
Definition: An Upanishad that explores creation and consciousness.
Fun Fact: Part of the Rig Veda.
Term: Akhanda
Definition: Something unbroken or continuous, often used to describe divine presence.
Fun Fact: Akhanda Jyoti means an ever-burning flame.
Term: Altar
Definition: A sacred space for prayer and worship, often at home.
Fun Fact: You can place pictures, murtis, and flowers here.
Term: Amarnath
Definition: A holy cave in Himalaya dedicated to Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: Shiva Lingam forms naturally from ice here!
Term: Amavasya
Definition: The new moon night, often used for prayer and remembrance.
Fun Fact: Some Hindus perform ancestral rituals on Amavasya.
Term: Annapurna
Definition: Goddess who feeds and nourishes the world.
Fun Fact: Her name means ‘full of food’.
Term: Antaryami
Definition: The divine presence within everyone.
Fun Fact: Means ‘inner controller’—God who lives inside you.
Term: Aparigraha
Definition: Non-possessiveness or not holding on to more than you need.
Fun Fact: It teaches us to live simply and share with others.
Term: Archana
Definition: A special personalized prayer offered by the pandit.
Fun Fact: You can ask for blessings for exams, health, or birthdays!
Term: Arjuna
Definition: A brave warrior who learned from Krishna in the Gita.
Fun Fact: He is one of the five Pandava brothers.
Term: Artha
Definition: One of the four goals of life: earning wealth honestly.
Fun Fact: It supports family and social well-being.
Term: Aryabhata
Definition: A great mathematician who introduced the concept of zero.
Fun Fact: He also calculated the earth’s circumference!
Term: Ashoka
Definition: A great Indian emperor who spread Buddhism after a war.
Fun Fact: He placed stone pillars with teachings all over India.
Term: Ashram
Definition: A peaceful place where people live to learn, meditate and retreat
Fun Fact: Many saints taught their students in forest ashrams.
Term: Atharva Veda
Definition: The Veda with daily prayers, healing chants, and magic spells.
Fun Fact: It’s practical and mystical.
Term: Atithi Devo Bhava
Definition: One of the most Important teachings of Hindu Scripture meaning ‘The guest is like God.’
Fun Fact: Teaches us to treat guests with great respect.
Term: Atman
Definition: The soul, your true self that never dies.
Fun Fact: Atman is like a spark from the divine fire.
Term: Aumkar
Definition: The sound vibration of Om, used in chanting and meditation.
Fun Fact: Om represents the entire universe in one syllable.
Term: Avalokiteshvara
Definition: A bodhisattva who embodies great compassion.
Fun Fact: In Tibet, he is called Chenrezig.
Term: Avatara
Definition: A divine appearance of God in human or animal form.
Fun Fact: Krishna and Rama are avatars of Vishnu.
Term: Ayodhya
Definition: The birthplace of Lord Rama and a sacred city.
Fun Fact: The Ram Janmabhoomi temple was newly built in 2024.
Term: Ayurveda
Definition: Ancient system of medicine based on balance in body and nature.
Fun Fact: It uses herbs, oils, diet, and lifestyle to heal.
Term: Badrinath
Definition: A holy temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu in the Himalayas.
Fun Fact: It is part of the Char Dham pilgrimage.
Term: Barsana
Definition: The village of Radha, Krishna’s beloved.
Fun Fact: Celebrates Holi with joyful and playful traditions.
Term: Bhagavad Gita
Definition: Krishna’s teaching to Arjuna on life and duty.
Fun Fact: It has 700 verses of wisdom!
Term: Bhagavata Purana
Definition: Sacred text with stories about Lord Krishna.
Fun Fact: Full of love, miracles, and spiritual wisdom.
Term: Bhagavati
Definition: Another name for the Divine Mother or goddess.
Fun Fact: It means ‘she who is full of blessings.’
Term: Bhagwan
Definition: A respectful word for God.
Fun Fact: You can say Bhagwan Krishna, Bhagwan Shiva, etc.
Term: Bhajan
Definition: Devotional song sung with love and joy.
Fun Fact: Singing bhajans brings peace to the heart.
Term: Bhakti
Definition: Loving devotion to God.
Fun Fact: Singing bhajans and remembering God with love is bhakti.
Term: Bhakti Movement
Definition: A spiritual movement that emphasized love and devotion to God.
Fun Fact: Saints like Mirabai and Tukaram were part of it.
Term: Bhakti Yoga
Definition: Path of love and devotion to God.
Fun Fact: Singing, praying, and surrendering are all part of Bhakti Yoga.
Term: Bhaskara
Definition: An ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer.
Fun Fact: He explained concepts centuries before Western scientists.
Term: Bhasma
Definition: Holy ash used in worship, especially for Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: It reminds us that the body is temporary.
Term: Bhava
Definition: Spiritual emotion or feeling of love and devotion toward God.
Fun Fact: Saints are known to enter deep states of bhava while praying.
Term: Bhishma
Definition: A wise and noble elder in the Mahabharata.
Fun Fact: He lay on a bed of arrows until he chose to leave his body.
Term: Bindi
Definition: A dot worn on the forehead, usually by women to represent the third eye.
Fun Fact: It symbolizes the third eye and focus.
Term: Brahma
Definition: The creator god in the Hindu trinity (Trimurti).
Fun Fact: He has four heads and created the Vedas.
Term: Brahmacharya
Definition: The practice of self-control and discipline.
Fun Fact: It’s one of the Yamas in yoga philosophy.
Term: Brahmacharya Ashrama
Definition: The student stage of life in Hindu tradition.
Fun Fact: Focus is on learning, discipline, and respect.
Term: Brahmagupta
Definition: An Indian scholar who worked on numbers and algebra.
Fun Fact: He gave rules for zero and negative numbers.
Term: Brahman
Definition: It refers to the ultimate reality, the highest universal principle, and the divine essence that pervades all existence.
Fun Fact:
Term: Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
Definition: One of the oldest and longest Upanishads.
Fun Fact: It contains deep discussions about the Self and universe.
Term: Buddha
Definition: Siddhartha Gautama who founded Buddhism.
Fun Fact: He meditated under the Bodhi tree and found enlightenment.
Term: Chakra
Definition: Energy centers in the body, often shown as spinning wheels.
Fun Fact: There are seven main chakras in yoga.
Term: Chakras
Definition: Energy centers in the body used in yoga and meditation.
Fun Fact: There are 7 chakras, each linked to a color and power.
Term: Chalisa
Definition: A 40-verse devotional hymn.
Fun Fact: Hanuman Chalisa is one of the most famous!
Term: Chandogya Upanishad
Definition: A major Upanishad known for the story of Uddalaka and Shvetaketu.
Fun Fact: It teaches ‘Tat Tvam Asi’—You are That.
Term: Chandra
Definition: The moon god who controls emotions and the mind.
Fun Fact: He rides a chariot pulled by ten white horses.
Term: Chant
Definition: Repeating a sacred sound or name of God.
Fun Fact: Chanting Om or Rama helps focus the mind.
Term: Chanting
Definition: Repeating sacred words to focus the mind and heart.
Fun Fact: Chanting helps reduce stress and brings clarity.
Term: Chanting Beads
Definition: Another term for Japa Mala, used for counting prayers.
Fun Fact: Each bead keeps your mind focused on God.
Term: Char Dham
Definition: The four sacred pilgrimage sites: Badrinath, Dwarka, Puri, and Rameswaram.
Fun Fact: Visiting them is believed to bring liberation.
Term: Charaka
Definition: An ancient physician who helped develop Ayurveda.
Fun Fact: His book, Charaka Samhita, is still used today.
Term: Chaturthi
Definition: The fourth day after a new moon or full moon.
Fun Fact: Ganesh Chaturthi falls on the fourth day after new moon.
Term: Chidambaram
Definition: A temple dedicated to Shiva as Nataraja—the cosmic dancer.
Fun Fact: It represents the connection between space and divinity.
Term: Daan
Definition: The value of giving to those in need.
Fun Fact: Daan includes giving food, clothes, or money without expectation.
Term: Dakshineswar
Definition: A Kali temple in Kolkata associated with Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
Fun Fact: It is on the banks of the Ganges.
Term: Dalai Lama
Definition: Spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism.
Fun Fact: Known for promoting peace and compassion worldwide.
Term: Darshan
Definition: Seeing the deity and being seen by God during worship.
Fun Fact: People say getting darshan gives blessings.
Term: Dashavatar
Definition: The ten avatars of Lord Vishnu.
Fun Fact: Matsya (fish), Kurma (turtle), Rama, Krishna, and more!
Term: Deepavali
Definition: Another name for Diwali, the festival of lights.
Fun Fact: It celebrates Rama’s return to Ayodhya after defeating Ravana.
Term: Deva
Definition: A celestial being or god in Hinduism.
Fun Fact: There are 33 main devas in the Vedas.
Term: Devi
Definition: A goddess or divine female power.
Fun Fact: Durga, Lakshmi, and Saraswati are forms of Devi.
Term: Dharma
Definition: Doing the right thing based on your role and values.
Fun Fact: It’s different for each person and stage of life.
Term: Dharma Shastra
Definition: Scriptures that explain duties and rules of Hindu life.
Fun Fact: They guide behavior based on stage of life.
Term: Dhyana
Definition: Meditation or deep mental focus.
Fun Fact: It’s the 7th limb in the eight limbs of yoga.
Term: Diwali
Definition: Festival of Lights celebrating good over evil.
Fun Fact: Millions of diyas are lit in India!
Term: Dosha
Definition: The three energies in Ayurveda—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha.
Fun Fact: Each person has a unique dosha balance.
Term: Durga
Definition: Warrior goddess who fights evil.
Fun Fact: She rides a lion and has ten arms with weapons!
Term: Dvapara Yuga
Definition: The third age of the world, full of conflict and wisdom.
Fun Fact: Krishna lived during this time.
Term: Dwarka
Definition: A city ruled by Krishna and home to a famous temple.
Fun Fact: Dwarka is one of the four sacred pilgrimage sites.
Term: Ekadashi
Definition: A special fasting day that occurs twice a month.
Fun Fact: Devotees fast and pray on this spiritually powerful day.
Term: Ganesh Chaturthi
Definition: Celebrates the birth of Lord Ganesha.
Fun Fact: People bring clay idols and sing bhajans for 10 days!
Term: Ganesha
Definition: God with elephant head who removes obstacles.
Fun Fact: Ganesha loves laddoos!
Term: Ganga
Definition: The sacred river in India, personified as a goddess.
Fun Fact: Many Hindus keep Ganga water at home.
Term: Garbhagriha
Definition: The innermost sanctum of a Hindu temple.
Fun Fact: The main murti is placed here.
Term: Garuda
Definition: A giant eagle and vehicle of Lord Vishnu.
Fun Fact: Garuda is a symbol of strength and speed.
Term: Gau Mata
Definition: The sacred cow, honored as a mother.
Fun Fact: She gives milk and represents kindness and nourishment.
Term: Gautama
Definition: Another name for Buddha before he became enlightened.
Fun Fact: He was born as Prince Siddhartha Gautama in Lumbini.
Term: Gayatri Mantra
Definition: A prayer asking for light and wisdom.
Fun Fact: Recited at sunrise and during learning.
Term: Gita Jayanti
Definition: The day the Bhagavad Gita was revealed to Arjuna by Krishna.
Fun Fact: It is celebrated with readings and reflections on the Gita.
Term: Gopuram
Definition: A large tower at the entrance of South Indian temples.
Fun Fact: It is often decorated with colorful statues of gods.
Term: Goshala
Definition: A shelter for cows, considered sacred in Hinduism.
Fun Fact: Many temples have attached goshala for taking care of cows.
Term: Govardhan
Definition: The hill Krishna lifted to protect villagers.
Fun Fact: People walk around the hill during festivals.
Term: Grihastha
Definition: The householder stage of life.
Fun Fact: People marry, raise families, and serve society.
Term: Gudi Padwa
Definition: New Year’s festival in Maharashtra.
Fun Fact: A gudi (flag) is raised outside homes for blessings.
Term: Gunas
Definition: The three qualities: Sattva (goodness), Rajas (activity), Tamas (inertia).
Fun Fact: These influence how we think and act.
Term: Guru
Definition: A spiritual teacher who shows the path to truth.
Fun Fact: Guru Purnima is a special day to honor teachers.
Term: Guru Purnima
Definition: Festival to honor spiritual teachers and gurus.
Fun Fact: It’s celebrated on the full moon in July.
Term: Gurukul
Definition: An ancient school where students lived with their teacher.
Fun Fact: Students learned scriptures, ethics, and daily skills.
Term: Hanuman
Definition: Monkey god devoted to Rama, known for strength and devotion.
Fun Fact: Hanuman once flew across the ocean to help Lord Rama!
Term: Hanuman Chalisa
Definition: A devotional poem of 40 verses in praise of Hanuman.
Fun Fact: Reciting it brings courage and protection.
Term: Hari
Definition: A name of Vishnu, meaning ‘the remover of sorrow.’
Fun Fact: Used in chants like ‘Hari Om’ or ‘Hari Bol.’
Term: Haridwar
Definition: A holy city on the banks of the Ganges River.
Fun Fact: People take a dip in the Ganga for blessings.
Term: Holi
Definition: Festival of colors and spring.
Fun Fact: People throw colorful powders on each other!
Term: Ida
Definition: A cooling energy channel related to the moon.
Fun Fact: Flows through the left side of the body.
Term: Indra
Definition: King of the heavens and god of thunder and rain.
Fun Fact: He rides a white elephant named Airavata.
Term: Isha Upanishad
Definition: A short but profound Upanishad about renunciation and God.
Fun Fact: Begins with ‘Isha vasyam idam sarvam.’
Term: Ishta Devata
Definition: Your personal chosen form of God.
Fun Fact: You can feel close to Krishna, Shiva, Durga, or any form!
Term: Jagannath
Definition: A form of Lord Krishna worshipped mainly in Odisha.
Fun Fact: The word means ‘Lord of the Universe.’
Term: Jagannath Temple
Definition: Famous temple in Puri, Odisha for Lord Jagannath.
Fun Fact: Rath Yatra festival begins from here.
Term: Janmashtami
Definition: Celebrates the birth of Krishna.
Fun Fact: Devotees fast, sing bhajans, and break pots like Krishna!
Term: Japa Mala
Definition: String of 108 beads used to count mantras.
Fun Fact: Holding each bead helps you stay focused in prayer.
Term: Jnana Yoga
Definition: Path of knowledge and understanding the self.
Fun Fact: Reading scriptures and thinking deeply is part of this path.
Term: Jyotirlinga
Definition: A sacred shrine of Lord Shiva where he is worshipped as a column of light.
Fun Fact: There are twelve Jyotirlingas in India.
Term: Kailasa
Definition: The divine mountain home of Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: Mount Kailash is a real mountain in Tibet, considered sacred.
Term: Kalasha
Definition: A metal pot filled with water and topped with coconut and leaves.
Fun Fact: Used in pujas to invite divine presence.
Term: Kali
Definition: Fierce form of Parvati who destroys negativity.
Fun Fact: Though fierce, Kali protects her devotees with love.
Term: Kali Yuga
Definition: The current and final age of darkness and confusion.
Fun Fact: Spiritual practice is harder, but very powerful.
Term: Kalidasa
Definition: One of the greatest Sanskrit poets and playwrights.
Fun Fact: He wrote Meghaduta and Shakuntala.
Term: Kama
Definition: It is the concept of pleasure, enjoyment and desire in Hinduism
Fun Fact: It must be balanced with dharma.
Term: Kamadhenu
Definition: A divine cow that grants wishes and provides abundance.
Fun Fact: She is believed to be the mother of all cows.
Term: Kanchi
Definition: A spiritual center known for temples to Shiva and Vishnu.
Fun Fact: It is one of the seven moksha cities.
Term: Karma
Definition: The law of cause and effect based on actions.
Fun Fact: Good actions bring good results—like planting seeds!
Term: Karma Yoga
Definition: Path of selfless action and doing your duty.
Fun Fact: Doing good without expecting results is Karma Yoga.
Term: Karna
Definition: A great warrior with a generous heart, from the Mahabharata.
Fun Fact: He was known for his loyalty and courage.
Term: Karva Chauth
Definition: A fasting festival for married women.
Fun Fact: They fast for the well-being of their husbands.
Term: Kashi
Definition: Another name for Varanasi, one of the oldest holy cities.
Fun Fact: People believe dying in Kashi gives moksha.
Term: Kashi Vishwanath
Definition: Shiva temple in Varanasi, one of India’s oldest.
Fun Fact: It’s called the ‘City of Light.’
Term: Kauravas
Definition: The cousins who opposed the Pandavas in the Mahabharata.
Fun Fact: They represent ego, jealousy, and greed.
Term: Kedarnath
Definition: A sacred temple of Shiva in the Himalayas.
Fun Fact: One of the twelve Jyotirlingas of Shiva.
Term: Kena Upanishad
Definition: An Upanishad asking, ‘Who moves the mind and breath?’
Fun Fact: It teaches the mystery of Brahman.
Term: Kirtan
Definition: Devotional group singing of holy names.
Fun Fact: Kirtans can be joyful, peaceful, and full of love!
Term: Kirtimukha
Definition: A fierce face used in temple art to protect sacred spaces.
Fun Fact: Often found at the top of temple entrances.
Term: Konark
Definition: A sun temple shaped like a giant chariot.
Fun Fact: Its wheels are sundials showing accurate time.
Term: Krishna
Definition: Playful god who teaches love and wisdom.
Fun Fact: Krishna played the flute and loved butter!
Term: Kubera
Definition: God of wealth and treasures.
Fun Fact: He guards the riches of the gods.
Term: Kumbh Mela
Definition: An important Hindu pilgrimage and gathering celebrated approximately every 6 or 12 years
Fun Fact: Millions gather at sacred rivers every 12 years.
Term: Kundalini
Definition: Spiritual energy said to lie at the base of the spine.
Fun Fact: When awakened, it rises through chakras and brings bliss.
Term: Kurma
Definition: Turtle avatar of Vishnu who helped in churning the ocean.
Fun Fact: He held the mountain on his back!
Term: Kurukshetra
Definition: The field where the Mahabharata war took place.
Fun Fact: Today, it is a pilgrimage spot in Haryana.
Term: Lakshmi Devi
Definition: Goddess of wealth and fortune.
Fun Fact: People pray to her during Diwali!
Term: Lotus Pose
Definition: A meditation posture where legs are crossed and feet rest on thighs.
Fun Fact: Called Padmasana in Sanskrit, helps you sit still and calm.
Term: Mahabharata
Definition: Hindu Scripture about the Pandavas, Kauravas, and dharma.
Fun Fact: It’s the longest poem in the world!
Term: Mahabharata War
Definition: The great battle between the Pandavas and Kauravas.
Fun Fact: The Bhagavad Gita was spoken during this war.
Term: Mahadev
Definition: Another name for Lord Shiva meaning ‘Great God.’
Fun Fact: Many people chant ‘Har Har Mahadev!’ during festivals.
Term: Mahashivratri
Definition: Night of devotion to Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: Many people fast and chant Om Namah Shivaya all night.
Term: Mahavira
Definition: The 24th Tirthankara and founder of modern Jainism.
Fun Fact: He taught nonviolence, truth, and self-control.
Term: Mandala
Definition: A spiritual design or diagram used in meditation.
Fun Fact: Mandalas help focus the mind during worship.
Term: Mandapam
Definition: A pillared hall in a temple for gatherings and rituals.
Fun Fact: Used during weddings and major pujas.
Term: Mandir
Definition: A Hindu temple, a sacred space for prayer and devotion.
Fun Fact: Many families have a small mandir at home too!
Term: Mantra
Definition: A sacred word or sound repeated in meditation or prayer.
Fun Fact: Om is the most powerful mantra!
Term: Manusmriti
Definition: An ancient Dharma Shastra outlining duties and social order.
Fun Fact: Often debated, but also influential in Hindu law.
Term: Matha
Definition: A Hindu spiritual learning center.
Fun Fact: Founded by saints like Adi Shankaracharya for teaching.
Term: Mathura
Definition: The birthplace of Lord Krishna.
Fun Fact: It’s a major pilgrimage site for Vaishnavas.
Term: Matsya
Definition: Fish avatar of Vishnu who saved the Vedas during a flood.
Fun Fact: He guided a boat of sages to safety.
Term: Maya
Definition: Illusion that hides the true nature of reality.
Fun Fact: Hinduism teaches that the world is like a dream.
Term: Mirabai
Definition: A saint devoted to Lord Krishna.
Fun Fact: She composed songs full of love and longing.
Term: Moksha
Definition: Spiritual liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
Fun Fact: It is the ultimate goal in Hinduism.
Term: Mudra
Definition: A hand gesture used in worship and meditation.
Fun Fact: Each mudra has a different energy or meaning.
Term: Mundaka Upanishad
Definition: An Upanishad that talks about two kinds of knowledge.
Fun Fact: Includes the famous phrase: ‘Truth alone triumphs.’
Term: Murti
Definition: A statue or image of a deity used for worship.
Fun Fact: Hindus show love to God through the murti.
Term: Nadi
Definition: Energy channels in the body according to yoga and Ayurveda.
Fun Fact: Ida, Pingala, and Sushumna are main ones.
Term: Nalanda
Definition: An ancient center for Buddhist learning in India.
Fun Fact: Students came from all over Asia to study here.
Term: Namah Shivaya
Definition: A mantra to honor Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: Chanting it brings strength and peace.
Term: Namaste
Definition: A respectful greeting meaning ‘I bow to the divine in you.’
Fun Fact: Often said with hands joined together.
Term: Nandi
Definition: The sacred bull and vehicle of Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: Statues of Nandi face Shiva temples.
Term: Narada
Definition: A divine sage and messenger who carries news between gods.
Fun Fact: He always chants ‘Narayana, Narayana!’
Term: Narasimha
Definition: Half-man, half-lion avatar of Vishnu who protected Prahlad.
Fun Fact: He burst out of a pillar to defeat evil.
Term: Nataraja Temple
Definition: Famous Shiva temple in Chidambaram showing Shiva as the cosmic dancer.
Fun Fact: The temple’s roof is covered in gold!
Term: Navratri
Definition: Nine-day festival honoring the Divine Mother.
Fun Fact: Each day is dedicated to a different form of Durga.
Term: Neti Neti
Definition: Means ‘Not this, not this’—a method to understand the Self. Comes from Jnana Yoga
Fun Fact: Used in Jnana Yoga to realize Brahman.
Term: Nirvana
Definition: A state of perfect peace and freedom from suffering.
Fun Fact: It is the goal of Buddhist practice.
Term: Nyaya
Definition: A school of logic and reasoning in Hindu thought.
Fun Fact: Helps seekers understand truth clearly.
Term: Om (ॐ)
Definition: Sacred sound that connects us with the universe.
Fun Fact: Saying Om calms your mind like a still lake.
Term: Omkar
Definition: Another name for Om, the sound of the universe.
Fun Fact: It appears at the beginning of sacred texts.
Term: Onam
Definition: Harvest festival celebrated in Kerala.
Fun Fact: People create flower designs and welcome King Mahabali.
Term: Padmasana
Definition: Sitting cross-legged like a lotus to meditate.
Fun Fact: It helps you feel calm and focused.
Term: Pancha Mahabhutas
Definition: The five great elements—earth, water, fire, air, and space.
Fun Fact: Everything in the universe is made of these.
Term: Panchamrit
Definition: A mixture of five sacred items such as honey, sugar, milk, curd and ghee used in puja.
Fun Fact: Usually milk, curd, honey, sugar, and ghee.
Term: Pancharama
Definition: Five ancient Shiva temples in Andhra Pradesh.
Fun Fact: Each temple has a Shiva Lingam formed from the same stone.
Term: Pandavas
Definition: The five heroic brothers in the Mahabharata.
Fun Fact: They followed dharma even in hard times.
Term: Parashurama
Definition: A warrior sage and avatar of Vishnu who carried an axe.
Fun Fact: He defeated arrogant kings to restore dharma.
Term: Parikrama
Definition: Walking around a sacred object or temple as a sign of devotion.
Fun Fact: People often do parikrama of temples or holy hills.
Term: Parvati
Definition: Wife of Shiva, goddess of strength, love, and devotion.
Fun Fact: Parvati appears as Durga and Kali to destroy evil.
Term: Pavitra
Definition: A sacred thread tied during certain rituals.
Fun Fact: It is worn by priests and during important pujas.
Term: Pongal
Definition: Harvest festival celebrated in Tamil Nadu.
Fun Fact: People cook rice in new pots and honor the Sun God.
Term: Pradakshina
Definition: Walking around a temple or deity in a circular path.
Fun Fact: Always done clockwise, showing devotion and respect.
Term: Pranayama
Definition: Breathing techniques used in yoga to calm the mind and body.
Fun Fact: Even 3 minutes of pranayama can help you focus better!
Term: Prasad
Definition: Blessed food offered to God and shared with others.
Fun Fact: Eating prasad is like receiving divine love!
Term: Prashna Upanishad
Definition: A text that answers six spiritual questions from students.
Fun Fact: Each question reveals deeper truths about life.
Term: Puja
Definition: An act of worship where we offer light, flowers, and love to God.
Fun Fact: You can do puja at home or at the temple.
Term: Puja Thali
Definition: A plate with all items needed for worship.
Fun Fact: Includes incense, diya, flowers, and kumkum.
Term: Purnima
Definition: The full moon night, often a sacred day.
Fun Fact: Many festivals fall on Purnima, like Guru Purnima.
Term: Pushkar
Definition: A holy town with one of the few Brahma temples.
Fun Fact: It has a beautiful lake where pilgrims bathe.
Term: Pushpanjali
Definition: Offering flowers to a deity during prayer.
Fun Fact: It’s a way of showing respect and love.
Term: Raja Yoga
Definition: Path of meditation and control of the mind.
Fun Fact: Also called the royal path—it leads to peace and inner power.
Term: Raksha Bandhan
Definition: Celebrates the bond between brothers and sisters.
Fun Fact: Sisters tie a rakhi and brothers promise protection.
Term: Ram Navami
Definition: Festival celebrating the birth of Lord Rama.
Fun Fact: Temples are decorated and stories of Rama are shared.
Term: Rama
Definition: Hero of the Ramayana, known for truth and dharma.
Fun Fact: Rama is called Maryada Purushottam—the perfect man.
Term: Ramayana
Definition: Epic story of Rama’s journey and victory over Ravana.
Fun Fact: Written by sage Valmiki and full of moral lessons.
Term: Ramcharitmanas
Definition: A poetic version of the Ramayana by Tulsidas.
Fun Fact: It is often read aloud in temples and homes.
Term: Rameswaram
Definition: A coastal temple town in Tamil Nadu linked to Lord Rama.
Fun Fact: Rama is believed to have built a bridge to Lanka from here.
Term: Ratha
Definition: A chariot used in processions, especially during festivals.
Fun Fact: The most famous is in the Jagannath Yatra.
Term: Ratha Yatra
Definition: A grand chariot festival at Jagannath Temple.
Fun Fact: Huge chariots carry the deities through the streets.
Term: Reincarnation
Definition: The soul takes birth again and again to learn.
Fun Fact: Your soul is on a journey of growth across lifetimes.
Term: Rig Veda
Definition: The oldest Veda, full of hymns to nature and gods.
Fun Fact: Includes the Gayatri Mantra.
Term: Rishi
Definition: A sage who has realized great spiritual truths.
Fun Fact: Rishis wrote many of the Hindu scriptures.
Term: Rishi Dayananda
Definition: A Hindu reformer and founder of Arya Samaj.
Fun Fact: He emphasized Vedic values and education for all.
Term: Rishikesh
Definition: City known for yoga, meditation, and the Ganga River.
Fun Fact: Called the ‘Yoga Capital of the World.’
Term: Rudraksha
Definition: Sacred beads associated with Lord Shiva, used for japa.
Fun Fact: Wearing them is believed to bring peace and focus.
Term: Sadhana
Definition: A daily spiritual practice like prayer, chanting, or yoga.
Fun Fact: Doing sadhana helps you grow spiritually every day.
Term: Sadhu
Definition: A holy person who renounces worldly life to seek God.
Fun Fact: Sadhus often live in ashrams or the Himalayas.
Term: Sama Veda
Definition: The Veda of melodies and chants.
Fun Fact: It transforms prayers into music.
Term: Samadhi
Definition: A deep state of meditation and union with the divine.
Fun Fact: Final step in Raja Yoga.
Term: Samsara
Definition: The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.
Fun Fact: Hindus believe the soul learns and grows through samsara.
Term: Sankalpa
Definition: A vow or resolution made before doing a ritual.
Fun Fact: It shows your sincere intention to do something good.
Term: Sankhya
Definition: One of the six schools of Hindu philosophy focused on numbers and creation.
Fun Fact: It explains how the universe evolves from basic elements.
Term: Sannyasa
Definition: Renunciation of worldly life to seek God fully.
Fun Fact: The fourth stage of life in Hindu philosophy.
Term: Sannyasa Ashrama
Definition: The final stage of renunciation and devotion.
Fun Fact: Sannyasis focus fully on God and simplicity.
Term: Sanskrit
Definition: An ancient Indian language used in Hindu scriptures.
Fun Fact: Known as the ‘language of the gods.’
Term: Sant Kabir
Definition: A poet-saint who taught unity of all religions.
Fun Fact: He used simple words to teach big truths.
Term: Sanyasi
Definition: A monk who gives up everything to live for God.
Fun Fact: They wear orange robes and live simply.
Term: Saraswati
Definition: Goddess of learning, music, and wisdom.
Fun Fact: She rides a swan and plays the veena.
Term: Saraswati River
Definition: An ancient river mentioned in ancient texts.
Fun Fact: It is believed to have flowed in ancient times.
Term: Satsang
Definition: A gathering of people to hear spiritual talks or chant together.
Fun Fact: Being in satsang helps you grow spiritually.
Term: Satya Yuga
Definition: The first and purest age, also called the Golden Age.
Fun Fact: People lived long lives full of dharma.
Term: Satyam Eva Jayate
Definition: One of the most Important teachings of Hindu Scripture meaning ‘Truth alone triumphs.’
Fun Fact: It’s the national motto of India, from the Mundaka Upanishad.
Term: Seva
Definition: Selfless service done for others and for God.
Fun Fact: Even helping clean the temple counts as seva!
Term: Shabari
Definition: An elderly devotee who offered berries to Lord Rama.
Fun Fact: She tasted each one to make sure they were sweet!
Term: Shakti
Definition: The divine feminine energy or power.
Fun Fact: Shakti is worshipped in many forms like Durga and Kali.
Term: Shankha
Definition: A sacred conch shell used in Hindu rituals.
Fun Fact: Blowing a conch is said to purify the air and mind.
Term: Shesha
Definition: A divine serpent on whom Lord Vishnu rests.
Fun Fact: He holds the earth steady on his hoods.
Term: Shiva
Definition: The destroyer and transformer god.
Fun Fact: Lord Shiva lives on Mount Kailash and loves meditation.
Term: Shiva Lingam
Definition: Symbol representing Lord Shiva’s power and presence.
Fun Fact: It is often found in the sanctum of Shiva temples.
Term: Shiva Tandava
Definition: A cosmic dance of Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: It represents creation, destruction, and rhythm of life.
Term: Shivalinga Abhishekam
Definition: A special ritual where water, milk, or honey is poured on the Shiva Lingam.
Fun Fact: It symbolizes love and surrender to Lord Shiva.
Term: Shloka
Definition: A Sanskrit verse or couplet, often from scriptures.
Fun Fact: Many Hindu prayers are composed as shlokas.
Term: Shri
Definition: A respectful title meaning ‘holy’ or ‘auspicious.’
Fun Fact: Often used before the names of gods like Shri Krishna.
Term: Shruti
Definition: Texts that are ‘heard’ or revealed, like the Vedas.
Fun Fact: They are the most sacred scriptures in Hinduism.
Term: Sita
Definition: Wife of Lord Rama, known for her purity and courage.
Fun Fact: Sita is considered an ideal daughter, wife, and queen.
Term: Smriti
Definition: Texts that are remembered and written by sages.
Fun Fact: Includes epics like the Ramayana and Dharma Shastras.
Term: Somnath
Definition: One of the oldest Jyotirlinga temples located in Gujarat.
Fun Fact: It was rebuilt several times after invasions.
Term: Stupa
Definition: A dome-shaped structure that holds sacred relics.
Fun Fact: People walk around stupas in prayer.
Term: Sudarshana Chakra
Definition: A spinning disc weapon used by Lord Vishnu.
Fun Fact: It symbolizes the power of righteousness.
Term: Surya
Definition: Sun god who brings light and energy.
Fun Fact: People do Surya Namaskar to greet him.
Term: Surya Namaskar
Definition: A group of poses done to greet the Sun God.
Fun Fact: It includes 12 steps in one cycle!
Term: Sushruta
Definition: Father of surgery in ancient India.
Fun Fact: He wrote the Sushruta Samhita, an early medical text.
Term: Sushumna
Definition: The central energy channel in the spine.
Fun Fact: It activates when Ida and Pingala are balanced.
Term: Swastika
Definition: Ancient Hindu sign of peace and good luck.
Fun Fact: It means ‘well-being’ in Sanskrit.
Term: Taittiriya Upanishad
Definition: An Upanishad that teaches about speech, food, and joy.
Fun Fact: It’s part of the Yajur Veda.
Term: Tapasya
Definition: Intense discipline and devotion toward a spiritual goal.
Fun Fact: Sages do tapasya to gain wisdom or blessings.
Term: Tat Tvam Asi
Definition: One of the most Important teachings of Hindu Scripture meaning ‘You are That.’
Fun Fact: It teaches that your soul is the same as the Supreme.
Term: Teerth Yatra
Definition: A pilgrimage to sacred Hindu places.
Fun Fact: It is considered very holy and purifying.
Term: Tilak
Definition: A mark worn on the forehead during prayer or festivals.
Fun Fact: Different sects wear different styles of tilaks.
Term: Tirtha
Definition: A holy pilgrimage place where people go to pray.
Fun Fact: Varanasi, Rameswaram, and Badrinath are famous tirthas.
Term: Tirupati
Definition: Temple town famous for Lord Venkateswara (Balaji).
Fun Fact: It is one of the richest temples in the world!
Term: Tirupati Balaji
Definition: Temple of Lord Venkateswara in Andhra Pradesh.
Fun Fact: Millions of people visit every year!
Term: Tithi
Definition: A lunar date used in the Hindu calendar.
Fun Fact: Festivals often happen on special tithis.
Term: Toran
Definition: A decorative hanging placed above doors during festivals.
Fun Fact: Made with mango leaves or flowers to welcome good energy.
Term: Treta Yuga
Definition: The second age, when righteousness starts to decline.
Fun Fact: Lord Rama lived during this time.
Term: Trideva
Definition: The three main gods—Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, Shiva the destroyer.
Fun Fact: They represent creation, preservation, and transformation in the universe.
Term: Tridevi
Definition: The three main goddesses—Saraswati, Lakshmi, and Parvati.
Fun Fact: They represent knowledge, wealth, and strength.
Term: Trimurti
Definition: Three main aspects of God: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
Fun Fact: They create, preserve, and destroy the universe.
Term: Trishul
Definition: The three-pronged trident carried by Lord Shiva.
Fun Fact: It represents will, action, and knowledge.
Term: Tukaram
Definition: A saint from Maharashtra known for his devotional poems.
Fun Fact: He wrote abhangas—songs full of love for God.
Term: Tulsi
Definition: A sacred plant worshipped in Hindu homes.
Fun Fact: It’s considered a goddess and kept in courtyards.
Term: Tulsi Puja
Definition: Worship of the holy Tulsi plant at home.
Fun Fact: Tulsi is considered a goddess!
Term: Tulsidas
Definition: A saint who wrote the Ramcharitmanas.
Fun Fact: His work helped people connect with Lord Rama.
Term: Ugadi
Definition: New Year’s festival celebrated in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Fun Fact: It marks the beginning of the lunar calendar.
Term: Ujjain
Definition: A sacred city with the Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga temple.
Fun Fact: It is also known for the Kumbh Mela.
Term: Upanishads
Definition: Texts that explore the meaning of life and the soul.
Fun Fact: They teach deep truths about the self and God.
Term: Utsav
Definition: A joyful celebration or festival.
Fun Fact: Diwali, Holi, and Janmashtami are all Utsavs!
Term: Vaikuntha
Definition: The heavenly home of Lord Vishnu.
Fun Fact: It is described as a place of peace and bliss.
Term: Vairagya
Definition: Detachment from material things and desires.
Fun Fact: It helps focus the mind on spiritual growth.
Term: Vaisheshika
Definition: A school of Hindu philosophy focused on atoms and matter.
Fun Fact: An early form of scientific thinking!
Term: Vaishno Devi
Definition: A mountain cave temple of the goddess Vaishnavi.
Fun Fact: Pilgrims hike uphill to get her darshan.
Term: Vamana
Definition: The dwarf avatar of Vishnu who humbled King Bali.
Fun Fact: He grew huge and covered heaven and earth in two steps.
Term: Vanaprastha
Definition: The forest-dweller stage where one starts turning inward.
Fun Fact: Traditionally, people slow down and meditate more.
Term: Varaha
Definition: Boar avatar of Vishnu who lifted Earth from the ocean.
Fun Fact: He fought a demon to save the world.
Term: Varnashrama
Definition: Four stages of life and four roles in society.
Fun Fact: Student, householder, retiree, and renunciate are the four stages.
Term: Varuna
Definition: God of cosmic order and the oceans.
Fun Fact: He holds a noose and rides a sea creature.
Term: Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
Definition: One of the most Important teachings of Hindu Scripture meaning ‘the world is one family.’
Fun Fact: This value is often shared in Hindu prayers and teachings.
Term: Vayu
Definition: The god of wind and air.
Fun Fact: He is the father of Hanuman in some stories.
Term: Vedanta
Definition: A school based on the Upanishads teaching unity with Brahman.
Fun Fact: Means ‘the end of the Vedas.’
Term: Vedas
Definition: The oldest Hindu scriptures, made up of four main books full of wisdom.
Fun Fact: They include hymns, rituals, and spiritual truths.
Term: Veena
Definition: A string instrument played by Goddess Saraswati.
Fun Fact: It symbolizes learning and creativity.
Term: Vimana
Definition: The inner tower above the sanctum in a temple.
Fun Fact: It represents the heavenly home of the deity.
Term: Vipassana
Definition: A type of meditation to see things clearly and understand truth.
Fun Fact: It helps you watch your thoughts without reacting.
Term: Vishnu
Definition: The protector god who takes avatars to save the world.
Fun Fact: Vishnu has 10 avatars, including Rama and Krishna.
Term: Vrindavan
Definition: The town where Krishna spent his childhood.
Fun Fact: Famous for Ras Leela dances and Krishna temples.
Term: Yajna
Definition: A fire ritual offering prayers to gods.
Fun Fact: Yajnas were an important part of Vedic life.
Term: Yajur Veda
Definition: The Veda of rituals and sacrifices.
Fun Fact: Chanted during yajnas by priests.
Term: Yama
Definition: The god of death and justice in Hinduism.
Fun Fact: He keeps a record of everyone’s karma.
Term: Yamuna
Definition: A sacred river where Krishna spent his childhood.
Fun Fact: Yamuna flows beside the Taj Mahal.
Term: Yatra
Definition: A spiritual journey or pilgrimage to a holy site.
Fun Fact: Popular yatras include Char Dham and Amarnath Yatra.
Term: Yoga Sutras
Definition: Ancient text by Patanjali that outlines steps of yoga.
Fun Fact: Describes the eight limbs of yoga.
Term: Yuga
Definition: An age or era in Hindu time cycles.
Fun Fact: There are four Yugas—Satya, Treta, Dvapara, and Kali.